Subhash Chandra Bose and the I.N.A.
Question 1: When and where was Subhas Chandra Bose born?
Answer: Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897, 1897 to a pious Bengali family in Cuttack, presently in Orissa.
Question 2: Why did Bose resign from the Indian Civil Service?
Answer: Subhas Chandra Bose was deeply disturbed by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and left his Civil Services apprenticeship midway to return to India in 1921.
Question 3: In which year was Bose elected as President of the Congress for the first time?
Answer: In 1938, Subhash was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress for the first time.
Question 4: Who was the Congress leader against whom Bose contested?
Answer: Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramayya.
Question 5: Name the two organizations founded by Bose in Berlin?
Answer: ‘Free India Centre’ and ‘Free Hind Radio’ were founded by Bose in Berlin.
Question 6: When was the Provincial Government of free India set up by Bose?
Answer: On 21st October 1943, Subhas Chandra Bose proclaimed the formation of the Provisional Government of Independent India.
Question 7: Who was the founder of the ‘Forward Bloc’?
Answer: Subhash Chandra Bose founded the ‘Forward Bloc’ in the year 1939.
Question 8: Name the party formed by Subhash Chandra Bose.
Answer: The party formed by Subhash Chandra was the ‘Forward Bloc’.
Question 9: What was the immediate objective of the Forward Bloc?
Answer: The main aim was immediate liberation of India.
Question 10: Name any two slogans, which became the battle cry of the INA.
Answer: (i) ‘Delhi Chalo’ (ii) ‘Jai Hind’
Question 11: Who gave the call of ‘Delhi Chalo’ and ‘Total Mobilisations’?
Answer: Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose.
Question 12: Name the military organisation formed by Subhash Chandra Bose.
Or
Name the organisation of which Subhash Chandra Bose became the Supreme Commander in 1943.
Answer: Indian National Army.
Question 13: Why did the British Government set the prisoners of the Indian National Army free?
Answer: The British Government set the prisoners of the Indian National Army free because the entire country was united on the demand for their acquittal.
Question 14: Who was Rash Behari Bose?
Answer: He was an Indian revolutionary who went to Japan in 1915 and established Indian Independence League in 1942. He played a vital role in raising the Indian National Army.
Short Questions – I
CULTURAL HERITAGE OF INDIA MCQs
Question 1: Mention two contribution of Subhash Chandra Bose to India’s freedom struggle.
Answer: Two contributions towards India’s freedom movement by Subhash Chandra Bose were:
(i) He formed the INA which incited the armed forces to revolt against the British Raj.
(ii) It was Netaji’s and INA’s struggle against the British which was an important factor for their quitting India.
Question 2: Mention the ideas of the new party.
Answer: Forward Bloc’s immediate objective was to liberate India with the support of workers, peasants, youth and other radical organisations.
Main ideas of the Party:
(i) To develop the economy on socialistic ideas.
(ii) Abolition of landlordism i.e. Zamindari system.
(iii) A new monetary and credit system.
Question 3: State two important objectives of the Indian National Army.
Answer: The two main objectives of the Indian National Army were:
(i) To work towards the liberation of India and the Indians who were staying abroad to serve foreigners.
(ii) To acquire support from outside India and fight against Britain.
Question 4: Mention two-contributions of the Indian National Army (INA) to the Indian Freedom Movement.
Answer: Two contributions of the INA towards Indian freedom movement were:
(i) The INA uprisings inspired the Naval revolts in Bombay in February 1946.
(ii) Trial of the INA officers attracted sympathy and the British had to set them free.
Question 5: Mention any two resolutions passed in Bangkok Conference of the INA.
Answer: (i) Invitation to Subhas Chandra Bose to came from Europe to lead this movement.
(ii) Formation of a Council of Action to control and guide the whole movement.
Question 3: Explain three measures taken by Subhash Chandra Bose to establish a socialist society.
Answer: For the establishment of a socialist society Subhash Chandra Bose proposed the following measures:
(i) State planning for the reorganisation of agriculture and industry on socialist lines.
(ii) Abolition of landlordism or the Zamindari system.
(iii) Introduction of a new monetary and credit system.
Question 4: What were the three decisions taken at the Tokyo conference?
Answer: The Tokyo Conference: Tokyo Conference met from 28th March to March 31,1942. The Tokyo Conference was attended by about more than 120 delegates from Burma, Malaya, Thailand, Indo-China, Japan, China etc. The Tokyo Conference passed a resolution to form an ‘Indian National Army’. Mohan Singh took over as the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian National Army and Rash Behari Bose was elected as the President. On 26th August 1943 Subhash Chandra Bose officially took charge of the Indian National Army and became its Supreme Commander. At the Tokyo Conference (28 March, 1942), the following decisions were taken:
(i) to expand and strengthen the Indian Independence League.
(ii) to form under the overall command of the League an Indian National Army (INA) i.e., an army for the liberation of India; and
(iii) to hold a Conference at Bangkok to consolidate these decisions.
Long Questions
Question 1: Under the leadership of Subhash Chandra Bose the Indian National Army launched a frontal attack on the British ports. In this context briefly describe the life of Subhash Chandra Bose.
Answer: Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January, 1897 in Cuttack, Orissa. After completing his early education he joined the famous Presidency College at Calcutta. He went to England for higher studies and passed the Indian Civil Service Examination in 1920. He got attracted towards the freedom movement of the country and resigned from the ICS in the following year. He joined the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Gandhiji and was imprisoned for six months in December 1921. He bitterly criticized Gandhiji when he withdrew the movement in 1922. He also participated in Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930. He was a strong supporter of socialist ideas. He became the President of Congress with the support of younger elements in the Congress. His differences with Gandhiji reached their height in 1939. Inspite of Gandhiji’s opposition he was again elected President of the Congress in 1939. But he resign from this post and founded the Forward Bloc in 1939 to carry on the freedom struggle while remaining within the Congress.
Question 2: Discuss about the formation of Indian National Army and the INA’s fight for Indian’s freedom.
Answer: On 8th July, 1943, the Indian Independence League announced the formation of the Indian National Army popularly known as ‘Azad Hind Fauz’. It was organized by a large number of Indian soldiers who fell prisoners into the Japanese hands in Malaya, Singapore and Burma. A large number of Indian residents in South East Asia joined the INA. He was called Netaji by the soldiers. He gave the call to his soldiers, ‘Give me blood and I shall give you freedom.’ He set up Recruitment and Training Departments as well Training camps were open for men and women.
Subhash Chandra Bose started his military campaign against Britisher and Netaji got support from Japan to make his mission possible. Japan was recognized as one of the nine world powers. Subhash was able to capture Andaman and Nicobar Islands. After that he gave a tough fight to the British forces in Assam Hills. The main objective of the INA was to capture Imphal but failed to seize Imphal because of Japan’s withdrawal of their forces from the Indo-Burma Border because of their entanglement with the Americans in the Pacific Ocean and another reason was the early onset of rainy season. The bombardment of Hiroshima and Nagasaki forced Japan to surrender in 1945. It was believed that Subhash was killed in an aeroplane accident on his way to Tokyo.
The INA failed in its mission but it set an inspiring example of patriotism before the Indian people. The heroic deeds and sacrifices of the soldiers of INA led to political consciousness among the Indian forces. Thus INA played an important role in Britisher’s final decision to quit India.
Question 3: Summarise the contribution of Subhash Chandra Bose to the National Movement.
Or
Why was Forward Bloc formed?
Answer: (i) Subhash Chandra Bose was a great freedom fighter. Though he passed the Indian Civil Service Examination but decided not to join the service of the British Government. He was an eminent fighter. For his courage, sacrifice and boldness he is popularly known as Netaji.
(ii) Formation of Forward Bloc: Due to his differences with Gandhiji he resigned from the Presidentship of Indian National Congress. In May 1939 he organised a new party known as Forward Bloc. His party’s immediate objective was liberation of India with the support of workers, peasants, youths and other radical organisations.
(iii) INA and Subhash Chandra Bose: Subhash Chandra officially took charge of the Indian National Army in 1943. The soldiers of the I.N.A. fought valiantly along with the Japanese forces and reached upto Imphal and Manipur.
On October 21, 1943 Subhash Chandra announced the formation of the Provisional Government of free India and declared war against the Allies. Andaman and Nicobar Islands were handed over to INA by Japan. ‘Delhi Chalo’ and ‘Jai Hind’ became the battle cry of the INA.
(iv) INA’s Victories in South-East Asia: It was the INA which hoisted Tri colour flag for the first time on the liberated Indian soil on March 19, 1944. INA alongwith Japanese forces continued to hold Burma for almost a year.
(v) INA’s impact on the National Movement: The popularity of INA could be judged from the trail of INA officers—Shah Nawaz, G. S. Dhillon and Prem Seghal. Though the Court martial held them guilty but they were not punished due to demonstrations all over the country. The INA spirit affected the armed forces and Indian Navy also. The Indian Navy rose in revolt at Mumbai in February 1946. The INA though failed in its mission but its soldiers and the leader Subhash Chandra Bose set an inspiring example of patriotism before the Indian people.
Question 4: Explain Subhash Chandra Bose fundamental differences with Gandhiji.
Answer: (i) Subhas Chandra was against Gandhian policies and programme. He had little belief in the constitutional means and peaceful methods for the attainment of freedom. He was a veritable revolutionary and favoured armed struggle to oust and end the British imperialism. He was ready to seek foreign assistance to achieve his goals. He believed in employing tact and diplomacy while dealing with his opponents.
He said that-“Gandhiji’s logic cannot convince the British rulers. He has failed as he always keeps his cards open.”
(ii) He was in favour of socialism and formed the ‘Forward Block’ to establish a socialist society in India after independence. This was against the policy of Mahatma Gandhi.
(iii) Bose advocated that the political instability of war-time Britain should be taken advantage of rahter than simply waiting for the British to grant independence after the end of the war. Gandhiji ad Nehru wanted to adopt a compromising attitude and opposed the national struggle during the war.
(iv) In 1939, Bose launched the National Planning Committee for drawing up a comprehensive plan for industrialisation. However, Gandhiji was opposed to it. He favoured small scale industries to make the villages self-sufficient.
(v) The leaders of the movement of the people of Princely States expected sympathy and cooperation. Bose wanted the Congress to help the people in their struggle for freedom whereas Gandhiji was opposed to any intervention.
Long Questions
Question 1: Mention any three proposals of the Cabinet Mission.
Answer: (i) Federal Government: It recommended a federal type of Government for the whole of India.
(1) The Federal Government (Central Government) was to have only three subjects under its jurisdiction, namely defence, foreign affairs and communications.
(2) The rest of the subjects would be under the control of Princely States.
(ii) Division of Provinces: There would be three group of Provinces.
| Group A | Group B | Group C |
| Madras, Bombay, U.P., Bihar, the Central Province, Orissa. | Punjab, Sind, N.W.F.P., British Baluchistan | Bengal and |
